Information Exchange Between Competitors. Is the Test for Determining Whether it is an Infringement by Object Workable and Appropriate?

      Аннотация: Information exchanges between competitors are commonplace and often beneficial for a successful functioning of the markets. The policy of the competition authorities within the EU has, however, at times equated instances of information exchanges with those of hard-core cartels. This paper explores whether the standard that has been used for concluding that an information exchange scheme is restrictive of competition by object is workable in terms of law and economics and appropriate given the special nature of the information exchanges distinguishing them from the hard-core infringements.

Ключевые слова: Competition Law, Information Exchange, anti-competitive agreements