Performance appraisal spiral: an industry and culture based approach. Improving performance appraisal practices: a multiple case study of the Pakistan pharmaceutical industry

      Аннотация: The demand for achieving organisational efficiency through better work-force management is not new in the western world. However, this still remains an aspirational phenomenon in developing countries such as Pakistan. In this age of interconnected global businesses, how can organisations take advantage from their strategic human resource management practices in general and performance appraisal practices in particular to satisfy, reward and retain their knowledge workers – and ultimately create a competitive advantage through these measures. Countries in general and Asian countries in particular are culturally entrenched – this creates a need for appraisal practices, which possess evaluational measures while addressing the industry norms and national cultural elements. This research has attempted to address these factors in presenting a Performance Appraisal Spiral (PAS) process.

Ключевые слова: Employee satisfaction, pharmaceutical industry, human resource management, Performance Appraisal, strategic alignment, Strategic Human Resource Management, rewards, employee perceptions, Organisational and national culture, Pharmaceutical sales employees, Employee expectations