Between two cultures within one race. Korean-American Youth in Search of Identity through Literacy in Korean Church Communities

      Аннотация: Despite the rich body of literature on dealing with the question of boundaries between Koreans and the “outside world” such as other races and ethnicities, and even studies that dissect issues between the first generation Korean immigrants and second generation Korean-Americans, there has been relatively little attention paid to the invisible boundaries existing within one race, one ethnicity: the Korean-Americans. Through an ethnographical and socio-psychological approach, the research provides a snippet of various tensions that are created within the Korean church communities. However, not only does this research focus on mere culture and religious issues, but it also touches upon cultural identity and assimilation within one society, namely the Korean church community, by observing various modes of literacy. The paper shows how literacy is not merely used for communication purposes, but also as a social practice, which forms different identities within one cultural group. This study examines 1.5 and 2nd generation Korean-American young adults within two Korean churches in Pennsylvania, USA within a two year span of observation.

Ключевые слова: Language, English, Literacy, multilingual, Cultural stereotypes, communication, 1.5 generation, Korean Americans—Ethnic identity, Korean American churches, Korean Americanyouth—Ethnic identity, modes of literacy, 2nd generation, intraracial, intraracial language discrimination, intraracial verbal differences, intraracial division, intraracial tension, intraracial pressures, intraracial stereotypes, intraracial verbal communication, language gaps, intraracial social interaction, Korean American stereotypes