Utilitarianism in Mahfouz's Ziqaq Al-Midaq and Dickens' Hard Times. The Social Aspects of Utilitarianism in Naguib Mahfouz's Ziqaq Al-Midaq and Charles Dickens' Hard Times

      Аннотация: This book aims to prove the impact of negative side of Utilitarianism on the moral principles of society, as reflected in Dickens' Hard Times and Mahfouz's Zuqaq AL-Midaqq. The book also focuses on finding out the similarities and differences between Dickens' viewpoint about utilitarianism and that of Mahfouz, especially how this concept is reflected in the Western and Eastern societies. They show people's struggle to fight back the consequences left behind by utilitarianism, along with its bad effects on society structure and morale as a whole. The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries have come to carry out the soul of change all over the world by depending on the geographical Western discoveries. The West has begun to apply their theories upon the East that can be shown in Naguib Mahfouz's writings and other Eastern novelists. Furthermore, Mahfouz based his philosophy on the ideas of the Western scholars, such as Charles Darwin, Mill, Freud, and Bentham. Mahfouz's standards of living let him think of social reforms in his Ziqaq Al-Midaq to advocate upgrading the lower class to become nearby other classes by depending on getting rid of oppression, on the part of the high class.

Ключевые слова: Charles Dickens, utilitarianism, Naguib Mahfouz, social aspects, Ziqaq Al-Midaq, Hard Times