Formative and Summative self-assessment of writing.

      Аннотация: This five- chapter book concentrated mainly on pedagogical advantages of self-assessment in educational settings including language teaching, and how a factor like the purpose of can influence the validity and reliability of this educational assessment method. Specifically, it could be concluded that self- assessment is indeed a pedagogically valuable practice which can improve performance on the self-assessed skill (writing performance in this study) no matter under what circumstances (formative vs. summative conditions) it is conducted. However, self-assessment seems to need to be treated with caution if teachers intend to employ it for making achievement, pass/fail, or certification decisions. This is certainly due to the fact that the results showed that under different conditions (summative vs. formative) the learners may have differential amount of error in their performance on self-assessment tasks.

Ключевые слова: Writing performance, Self-assessment for formative purposes, Self-assessment for summative purposes, Rating accuracy, Rating accuracy improvement