Two Psychosocials Treatment of Bullying Behavior in Secondary Schools.

      Аннотация: Bullying is one type of youth violence that threatens young people's well-being. Bullying can result in physical injuries, social and emotional difficulties, and academic problems. The harmful effects of bullying are frequently felt by others, including friends and families, and can hurt the overall health and safety of schools, neighborhoods, and society. Contingency management(CM) is a type of clinical behavior analysis therapy which is most-widely used in the field of substance abuse. CM refers to the application of the three-term contingency of operant conditioning, using stimulus control and consequences to alter behavior. Patients' behaviors are rewarded (or, less often, punished); generally, adherence to or failure to adhere to program rules and regulations or their treatment plan. Self instructional training is a cognitive technique which aims to give clients control over their behavior through guided self talk that gradually becomes covert and self generated. This is particularly helpful where there are initial cognitive deficits in for example problem solving or verbal mediation contributing to the difficulty.These two therapies were used to treat bullying.

Ключевые слова: bullying, Cognitive self- Instruction, Contingency Management