Cooperative networks in Transylvania belonging to Hungary and Romania. Nation–building and modernization by cooperatives in Transylvania as part of Hungary (1867-1918) and Romania (1918-1940)

      Аннотация: The book presents an interdisciplinary and comparative study of Transylvanian economic history with special regard on cooperative networks developed in this area that belonged to Austria-Hungary (1867-1918) and to Romania (1918-1940). This comprehensive interdisciplinary approach is useful in restoring the economic structures and social networks, to critically understand the process of nation-building or the character of the "nation-affirmed", for the description of the modernization process, not only on cultural, but especially on the economic field, something that rarely has been revealed in traditional history-writing. In the first chapter we present the development of financial-economic-cooperative networks in Austria-Hungary including Transylvania before the First World War, the chapter ending with conclusions on this period. In chapter two we continue the presentation of financial-economic development of cooperative networks in the interwar period still characterized by specific national affiliations in the Kingdom of Romania, the chapter ending with a review on the interwar period.

Ключевые слова: cooperative movement, Hungarians, Romania, Transylvania, Saxons, Romanians, Bukovina, economic nationalism, Economic History, Economic Networks, economic systems, nation-building, Bessarabia