Senior management reaction to historical crises.

      Аннотация: The Chinese meaning of the word crisis has two characters, which are “danger” and “opportunity” which means that there are two ways of seeing a crisis situation. Crisis management for organisations is a very important ‘proactive instrument’. How the organisation manages internal and external communications is extremely vital. If not managed well it can have a long lasting negative effect and damage both corporate image and reputation. According to Mitroff (1993) ‘Organisations that do not have a crisis management plan in place are more “prone” to crises than the organisations that have an up to date crisis management plan in place’. By looking at different ways of how organisations handle their crises a crisis preparation plan has been developed to assist managers when they are preparing a crisis management plan for their organisation. In the time of crisis there is a time for opportunity seeking for any organisation if the opportunities are identified and taken on board.

Ключевые слова: Business Continuity, communication, crisis management, Public Relation., management reaction, historical crises, contingency planing, Portfolio of Crisis Management