Critical Evaluation of Integrated Coastal Management Plan. Evaluation of ICZM Plans, Review of Current ICZM Plans, Discussion and Recommendation for Improvements on Implementation

      Аннотация: The onset of a post-apartheid government in South Africa resulted in a plethora of changed in the lives of society. The management of the marine and coastal space was also affected by this wave democracy as the coastal zone was prohibited from being utilized by previously disadvantaged communities in some parts of the South African coastal line. Most coastal municipalities lack the professional capacity to effectively implement specific integrated coastal zone management plans as these processes warrant specialists who had the knowledge and expertise to execute such duties. This book therefore seeks to close that gap by providing background research on the objectives of these management plans and at the same time inform on how to deal with fundamental coastal zone management implementation backlogs. The information provided should urge coastal municipalities to approach their various coastal zone management issues in an integrated fashion as per the existing provincial and national coastal zone management plans. the long term objective is to learn from other local coastal communities how well-best to management this vital natural, social and cultural space for future generations.

Ключевые слова: Integrated Coastal Zone Management, multi-sectoral, sustainability, integrated management act