Modernity, Intellectuals and Revolution. A Comparative study on Iran and India

      Аннотация: Modernity is the knowledge that shaped in the minds of European people; after changing the position of their societies, it flowed as a cultural stream to the eastern countries. The Indian and Iranian societies as two societies with ancient culture, after coming in contact with this cultural stream, opposed in front of it and tried for preserve their culture and selection of some elements of western culture that is in harmony with their tradition.The intellectuals of the Congress party (India) and the Democratic Party (Iran) have similar position, because they accepted the humanistic dimension of western modernity, such as party, nation and democracy, but they tried to adapt these modern elements with their traditional social heritage. The main goal of many Indian and Iranian intellectuals was modernization of tradition; they accepted the social, political, cultural and economic development of the western society, especially the two outstanding characters viz. science and technology.

Ключевые слова: India, Intellectuals, Iran, modernity, nationalism, Party, Religious Revivalism, revolution