Land and Water Use Planning for Eastern Ghat Region of Odisha,India. Optimization of net return and minimization of soil loss in watershed

      Аннотация: Koraput district in the Eastern Ghat region of Odisha, India is selected for the study. The climatic data were analysed to determine effective rainfall, climatic index (Ci) and initial crop coefficient (Kcini). The values of 80% dependable Ci was correlated with Kcini to suggest the cropping period. A crop calendar and a possible set of cropping sequences were prepared based on it. The extent of investment, net return and soil loss from agriculture were estimated as per the suggested cropping sequences. Using SCS-CN method, water resource potential was assessed. For optimal allocation of area, mathematical models were formulated considering local constraints to suggest the suitable cropping sequences which would minimize the soil loss, involve lowest investment and highest net return. It was solved using linear goal programming technique with the help of WinQSB Software. A total of 3 objectives and 75 variables were used in formulation of models. Under the existing cropping practices, the average investment, gross return and net return per hectare from agriculture in the district are found to be Rs 22569, Rs 38473 and Rs 15904, respectively with benefit cost ratio being 1.7.

Ключевые слова: agriculture, Benefit Cost Ratio, Crops, Effective rainfall, irrigation, Net returns, Probability, Runoff, Software, watershed