Politeness and directive speech act in Arabic English bilinguals. Politeness theory and culture

      Аннотация: This book talks about politeness in both English culture and Arabic culture in relation to the directive speech act. Other cultures are also presented showing the degree of politeness as positive or negative. Arabic culture is more of positive politeness and English is more of negative politeness. German culture is positive while the Israeli culture is on the extreme of being positive politeness. This research has shown also that Arabic terms for politeness translate into less terms in English. For example "law Samaht" may translate into 'please' could you, would you, is it possible and if you can. That is why miscommunication happens.

Ключевые слова: applied linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics