The Relationship between Cigarette Smoking, Genetic and Immune Aspects.

      Аннотация: A habitual cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ of the body, causes many diseases, and diminishes a person’s overall health. It carries with it a significant risk of death by cancer, among other serious health risks. Its responsible for 30% of all cancer deaths in developed countries, because tobacco smoke contains thousands of different chemicals, many of them have been classified as “carcinogenic to humans”. So, the works of many chemists and biologists over the past 50 years have shown the harmful effects of many tobacco components, a proven result was mutagenesis, that is the ability to induce mutations, cancer arises when mutations accumulate within DNA because some cells act as outlaws. Also as it is known cigarette smoking is associated with alterations of body defenses whether weakening of the antioxidant defense systems or disable the immune system. Many changes are result of exposure to the negatively influence of baleful substances, which leading to high production of cytokines like tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF-?), and characterized by expression of high numbers of lymphocytes.

Ключевые слова: Cigarette Smoking, Genetic, immune, Iraqi Smokers