EU Energy Regulations and National and Local Implementation. The case of the Italian regions and provinces

      Аннотация: The present volume is intended to examine the main energy policies (directives) and their implementation, especially in the field of energy efficiency and therefore the relative results of the EU, the first, and national and individual regions and provinces, the latter. It is a volume that is the result of over 4 years of research where we tried to analyze the PEARs (Energy and Environment Regional Plan of the Italian regions and provinces) approved after the "Burden Sharing" ministerial decree. Furthermore, we tried to analyze the state of the art about energy efficiency in the light of measures on tax deductions for real estate energy renovation. Finally, we tried to bring a series of proposals on energy efficiency. In particular, two financial instruments based on a guarantee fund and a vulnerable people support. Moreover some specific interventions for the semi-central urban areas, the large interventions for energy-intensive sectors, remote efficiency and abandoned (ghost) small villages. In the latter case, based on the main theories and experiences on smart communities. Finally, we tried to review the main measures and results achieved in EU and in Italy on energy efficiency

Ключевые слова: Climate change, Energy, energy efficiency, EU, Green economy, ICT, IT, Italy, Regional policies, RES