Basic Geophysical Petroleum Exploration: A High Velocity Anomaly Case. Identification and Solution of High Velocity Anomaly, Imperceptible to Seismic Resolution, by Means of Synthetic Models

      Аннотация: In the Hydrocarbon Industry, seismic and petrophysical methods play a fundamental role in the exploration stage, such in the acquisition stage, as well as their subsequent processing of the seismic data and, finally, the interpretation of the data which the first descriptions of the basin, both structurally and stratigraphically, are gotten. For that reason, having mistakes in one of those steps can finish in large sum of money lost. Due to the mentioned before, this book tries to show some basic concepts about Geophysical Petroleum Exploration, covering topics about Petroleum Geology, Petrophysics, Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation, exemplifying them using a case of study. This case of study corresponds to a zone with an imperceptible high velocity anomaly, because of it, it was necessary defining the geology, as well as a seismic and petrophysical interpretation. After this, it was used synthetic models, obtaining a geological section, designing a 2D line, applying ray-tracing, getting synthetic gathers, which were processed, applying a pre-stack migration, either in time and depth, solving, finally, the problem caused by the imperceptible anomaly.

Ключевые слова: Geophysics, Petroleum Exploration, Seismic Data, High Velocity Anomaly