The Modern Era of Fixed Functional Appliances.

      Аннотация: Class II malocclusion is one of the most commonly encountered problem in orthodontics for which one of the treatment modality in mandibular retrognathic cases is the functional jaw orthopedics. This can be achieved either by removable or fixed functional appliances. As removable functional appliances require patient compliance, Fixed Functional Appliances are the appliances of choice for functional jaw orthopedics in such patients. This book is an overall review of all the various types of Fixed Functional Appliances along with the history of these appliances. The reader will benefit by knowing all the advantages and the disadvantages of these fixed functional appliances thus helping the reader to choose the best appliance to fulfill the patients needs.

Ключевые слова: class II malocclusion, Fixed Functional Appliances, herbst appliance, Jasper Jumper Appliance, Forsus FRD