English and Uzbek graduonymic phrasemes in hyponymy. The language denotes the men and culture comparatively

      Аннотация: Graduonymy as a universal phenomenon of general linguistics has a considerable role in semantics, especially, in the semantics of hyponymy. Having investigated hyponymic graduonymy in the Uzbek language with comparative analyses, I note that studying graduonymic relations of phrasemes provides valuable results about the semantics of hyponymy and there can not always be English equivalents for Uzbek phrasemes; so, some of Uzbek phrasemes having graduonyms in their contents do not have their equivalents in English. Even if their English equivalents exist, few of those equivalents keep graduonyms in their contents. However, graduonyms in phraseological structures enliven the meaning and emotionality of idioms and make them touchable, effective, poetic and colourful from the semantic point of view.

Ключевые слова: Hyponymy, hypernymy, graduonymy, phraseology, phraseological units, phraseme, hyponymic phrasemes, graduonymic phrasemes