Insulin Resistance and Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Insulin Resistance and Specific Biomarkers in Blood and Urine of Type 2 Diabetic Patients with or without Nephropathy

      Аннотация: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common and severe microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that can result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). On the other hand, insulin resistance (IR) is strongly associated with obesity and had an important role in the pathogenesis and increased complicating of many human diseases such as diabetes which can be used as a biomarker of renal dysfunction in DN thus decreasing the mortality and morbidity. Hence, taking into consideration the combination of obesity, IR and T2DM may demonstrated excellent indicator for early-stage DN in patients with T2DM. In the present study, we concluded that blood biomarkers (glucose, insulin, urea, creatinine, BMI, GFR, CrCl, IR, Hcy, FA, Cys C, LC, OPG, SA, Se, Zn, Mg) were emphatically connected with the nearness of nephropathy and they could be representing to indicators of renal impairment in DN. Moreover, Urinary Alb, NGAL, 8-OHdG and FN and the combination of all four biomarkers demonstrated an excellent diagnostic value for early-stage of DN in patients with T2DM. The above explored clinical biomarkers must be used later on for early recognition of DN in people of T2DM and its intricacy.

Ключевые слова: Diabetic Nephropathy, Insulin resistance, obesity, oxidative stress, Traces Elements