Time and Sequence of Eruption of Permanent Teeth of Pakistani Children. A countrywide study

      Аннотация: This book reports the outcomes of a countrywide study conducted for the time and sequence of eruption of permanent teeth of the children of Larkana (Sindh), Peshawar (KPK), Quetta (Baluchistan), and Lahore (Punjab); covered all the provinces of Pakistan. It was funded by Higher Education of Pakistan. Dental literature suggests that the time of teeth emergence should be determined in the concerned population because the factors related to teeth emergence vary a lot in between different nationalities. No large sample countrywide study was conducted in Pakistan on this subject before this study. The objectives of the study were: (1) To establish a norm of sequence and time of eruption of permanent teeth, except the third molars, of Pakistani children and for different racial groups, and (2) To find out the effect of gender, food, height, weight, and body mass index. The total number of children included in the study was 6815 from private and public schools. Outcomes of this study do not agree in a few disciplines with African and European children but do agree with the literature of the neighboring countries like India and previous studies on Pakistani children.

Ключевые слова: Eruption of teeth, permanent teeth, sequence of eruption, Pakistan