CULTURAL TURN IN THE ENGLISH AND URDU TRANSLATION OF SELECTED PARABLES AND POEMS OF GULISTAN OF SAADI.

      Аннотация: Translation Studies is a clear, vivid, creative, diverse and in a general sense interdisciplinary field. It has built up its level and standards to a great extent in the previous twenty years. After that it makes its own unique place in 1970s and moved past the control of biased and simple ways in the light of etymology or formalist points of view amid 1980s. Exchanging culture through translation demonstrated the relationship between cultures and languages in the conceptual frameworks which opened new horizons. Cultural turn stress in 1990's produced a more extensive comprehension of globalization and national personalities and the effect of cultural turn made an unique setting of translation impacted by culture. This research is the analysis of the cultural turns in the selected parables and poems of Gulistan of Saadi. For this purpose the research selects two translations in that the Urdu language is the source language and English language is the target language. The Urdu translation is done by Maulana Qazi Sajad and English translation is done by Richard Francis Burton.

Ключевые слова: Translation Studies, culture shift, manipulative theory