Orthodontic Pain: Clinical Management.

      Аннотация: Orthodontic pain, the most cited negative effect arising from orthodontic force application, is a major concern for parents, patients, and clinicians. Orthodontic pain can generate negative emotions like anxiety among orthodontic patients. Currently, several treatment modalities have been applied for the relief of orthodontic pain, including pharmacological, mechanical and behavioral approaches. The type of modality used for relieving pain should be based on evidence by the orthodontist and acceptance by the patients undergoing treatment.

Ключевые слова: Pain, pharmacological agents, Laser Therapy