Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric Dental Patient. Implications and Precautions for children with Congenital Heart Disease in Dentistry

      Аннотация: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are cardiovascular malformations that generally occur due to aberrant development of a normal structure in the fetus, or failure of such a structure to progress beyond an early stage of embryonic or fetal development. Malformations are due to complex multi-factorial genetic and environmental causes. Children need more preventive care. Retarded eruption of teeth, orthodontic anomalies, enamel hypoplasias, and poor oral hygiene due to distraction, caused by the cardiac disease, are common clinical findings among patients with congenital heart disease If, in addition, the patients have to undergo dental treatment, it will add to their stress . This makes treatment planning in these patients for any health problems, including dental problems, a complex issue. Cardiac patients may collapse in dental clinics due to various cardiac emergencies or drug interactions. Therefore inter-relationship of cardiac and dental pathosis and recommendation of a protocol that needs to be followed by dentists while managing patients with cardiac problems in dental clinics

Ключевые слова: congenital Heart Disease, dentistry, heart, Managment, Pediatric, pedodontics, CHD, dental care, Dental Managment