Avian Circadian Endocrine Glands. A Source Book for Biological Clock

      Аннотация: In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the relationship of the gonadal-adrenal and pineal glands of the adult male domestic pigeon (Columba livia Gmelin) during their reproductive phases and treated with exogenous melatonin and testosterone propionate. Chapter-I established that the amplitude of the nocturnal peak of melatonin content or AA-NAT activity varies with the seasons in birds housed in the natural environment. In Chapter II, it is widely known that testosterone controls avian behaviours such as singing and being aggressive during the mating season. The gametogenic phase of the recipient birds is thought to have a role in the varied response of the avian male gonad to testosterone. Sex steroids that enter the finalists through the systemic circulation serve as active modulators of pineal metabolic activity and change the rate of pineal hormone production. Some of the activities of gonadal steroids on birds are regulated by other endocrine organs.

Ключевые слова: Avian pineal gland, Biological Clock, endocrine glands, circadian rhythms