Painless Injection Techniques.

      Аннотация: From the earliest times, the pain has haunted man, and there is adequate evidence of early civilizations attempting to manage pain. The patient's perception of dental care has historically been one of pain. Pain is a multidimensional, complex phenomenon that is controlled and manipulated by psychological and physiological factors. Since the evolution of mankind, dental pain has historically been a source of chronic anguish. The key to successful dental patient care is pain management. Pediatric dentists should emphasize reducing dental pain as it encourages the development of a negative attitude toward dentistry and results in dental fear and anxiety on successive appointments for a child. However, the majority of common dental treatments cause some level of discomfort or pain, which can be reduced by doing local anesthetic injections, which is a painful procedure invention of local anesthetic administration, beginning in the middle of the 1990s, devices were developed that controlled the rate at which the anesthetic solution flowed through the needle using computer technology. Computer-controlled local anesthetic administration currently applies to this idea (CCLAD).

Ключевые слова: Injections, dentistry, Painless, computer controlled